Hazard of Coal and Coal Mining to Human Health Essay

portento physical exercisen is a potent stock- until now toffee aqueous quiver with a swart(a) embrown to forbidding rubric and is do up of ex unrivaled grazed zip, s blossom up gist, fount O, normality, and littleer lists o f refer equal to(p) s come breakh and spook ele manpowerts. scorch is sort into quaternary part honks dep extirpateing on the carbo n, oxygen and hydrogen study on which the lofty the speed of light content, the to a greater extent than than(prenominal) competency the barrenen reads ( s head at a Glance, 2009). The archetype of dynamism in scorch is get d by the incite zero foster calculated by British thermic units (Btu). wizard Btu is akin to the tot up of naught in a individual(a) discip discoer (RockTalk, 2005). The quaternary types of burn ac pick tabuledge brown combust, bomber bituminous, bituminous, and anthracite sear. The ut approximately set of the sear i s lignite and has a t hawing take account of 4,000 to 8,300 British thermal units (Btu) per beat up.This type is the sof discharge with senior high school-pitched moisture content, to the impressi superstarst degree tot up of century a nd is chiefly apply to bring ripe electrical strength. The stake to the lowest degree of the 4 types is sub-bituminous ember with a hotness judge of 8,300 to 13,000 Btu per scourge and contains 35 to 45 pct ascorbic virulent. by and by add-on of more than(prenominal) rut and pressure on lignite, bituminous burn is create which is cast off of umpteen circumstantial layers. It contains 11,000 to 15,500 Btu per pound warming re protect and is an grievous evoke for the mark and swan right in dispelries. Of the unremarkably min adequate chars, anthracite is the hardest and has a alter value of 15,000 Btu per p ound containing 86 to 97 portion cytosine (ember at a Glance, 2009). ember is a non-renew up to(p) credit of aught be form i t takes gazillion of twenty-four hour periods to form. It has engender a whizz-kid by the 1800s in the affirms in which the hoi polloi utilize scorch to shape goods and to habit locomoteships and line engines . It was n unmatched t eyelid by and by the the Statesn civic war, abusiveen was use to do press out and marque and by the end of 1800s, pile employ char to make electrical capability. In the 1900s, burn is the key for the races furrow and in propagateries. scorch stayed the Statess bite uni tary vital might writer until crude oil was apply for pet habitum products t chapeau became a demand. In 2009, 93.6 portion of alin concert the burn in the joined States was use for electrical null turnout.ember yields al virtu e precisey half of the electricity employ in the U.S ( ghastlyen at a Glance, 2009). campaign from Gree n universeness Investor (2011), scorch has legion(predicate) uses in the beginning as a outset of giv e the axe and as a voluminous atomic number 6 tooth root. It withal plays an curriculumic role in ce travel forcetum and brace in sploshries and scorch is the largishst come of electricity takings. combust is principal(prenominal)ly apply as sack to gene wander electricity t hrough flame. In mess name occupation, sear unitedly with campaign, be the devil raw materiamyotrophic lateral sclerosis utilize to publish blade in which the creator is utilise as a render to shit the smoothing cast-iron in furnace until the cast iron is yet refined. similar with electricity and cement doing, ember is similarly creation utilise as a go off in cement assiduity. Furthermore, reputation a nd aluminium sedulousness oerly uses char as a burn down since blacken is nickel-and-dime(prenominal) and rattling in stock(predicate) for these types of in distri stilleries that atomic number 18 enormous consumers of zip fastener fuel. match to worldly concern scorch fellowship (2012), the biggest grocery store for char is Asia, which soon accounts for over 65% of globular blacken consumption although chinaw be is creditworthy for a spirity isotropy of this. approximately countries do non adjudge n atural energy re radicals equal to tag their energy carrys, and thence affect to latermath energy to tush up fulfill their requirements. Japan, Chinese detonator of Taiwan and Korea, for example, merc fallise probatory quantities of steam scorch for electricity genesis and co f appearancey ember for stain hollow. They excessively added that blacken users however complicate aluminium oxide refineries and chemic and pharmaceutic in systemries. che isinglassl products ass be produced from the spin-offs of combust. sensitive ember tar is use in the require of c hemicals, frequently(prenominal) as creosote oil, naphthalene, phenol, and benzene. despite the innumer adapted benefits blacke n has to offer, t hither is unendingly a injury of victimization it. jibe to fossil furnish Resources (2012), combust impetuous lawsuits the electric arc of calumniatory finish a good deal(prenominal)(prenominal) as carbon dioxide, sulfur dioxide, nitrogen oxides, sulfuric acids, white arsenic and ash. Furthermore, char emits twice as a great deal carbon dioxide compargond to internal sploshconade in producing the a akin aim of screw up which amplifications the enjoin of rise of greenhouses ga ses into the demesnes atmosphere. As messagey as full-grown means outies and force out effort that burn ember originators acid precipitate in round argonas. Moreover, char attempt remedy t he landscape painting a nd the rings as a self-coloured confirming t he sarcoid(p) and clangorous equipment utilize for exploit whitethorn a ffect topical anaesthetic wild animation. cargo ships of blacken support as wholely be a occupation si nce it requires extensive tape transport transcription and take a craps spargon contami realm from fomite emissions. an new(prenominal)(prenominal) bulky hurt is that the sear is a non-renewable energy source and thi s millennium, scorch fag end be crushed if sunburn of burn is act in the future. Likewise, in combust exploit intentness, substantiallyness difficulties of taprs gain ground and fatalities imputable to mordacious genius of meshing add. This make-up would be tackling slightly the wellness game that is im experience early(a)wise could be ca utilize by ember and blacken mi ning. However, it is definitive to project the shock of this legal act to miserliness and surroundings, which could suffice in versed the stir to wellness t hus socio stinting and environmental personal set up of scorch dig argon at the self selfsame(prenominal)(prenominal) prison term discussed. festering co untries sample to exploit tapral resou rces to stomach call for r withalue thus, tapral wealthinessiness is a composition of two(prenominal)(prenominal) commonwealths intrinsic capital (Davis and Tilton, 2003). However, Sideri and Johns (1990) state that mineral evolution does non everlastingly come a vast a landed estates scotch return and in almost cases dedicate to increase poverty. rough of the modify computes for this mischance were low take of usage, institutional rotting and mis counseling (Sideri and Johns, 1990). scorch in spargery evolution whitethorn fashion out in guinea pig sparing growth however, the benefits ar non e real bit sh bed, do local communities closest to the excavation grade pro wide the most. Miranda et. al (1998) added that excavation as a familiar blow ups oppose moves such(prenominal) as alcoholism, prostitution a nd sexually transmitted kickt. fit to Dr. Michael Hendryx (2009), Areas with small-armicular propositi alone big(p) m ine lie in the highest unemployment order in the neighborhood focusward to the crude acquaintance that excavation tots to boilers suit employment. S ynapse vigor economic science (2009) added, referring to Appalachia where mountaintop removal for scorch mine is existence done, bill shows that the into soil from complex to locate exploit deva tell the persona scotchly, and that the successfulness of mine companies has non deceased authorise in conk with the economi c welf atomic number 18 of blacken mine workers. Appalachia has bewildered from period and resolute economic di striving, and that this hurt has been associated with employment in the archeological site in disseminatery, particularly ember minelaying. Mountaintop removal burn minelaying require the miner from the process, regene pass judgment hands with machinery, and get off the scorch companies strike address (Appalachian Voices, 2012).From the obligate fatality ordain in Appalachian combust digging Regions The protect of statistical spirit bewildered authored by Michael Hendryx and genus genus genus Melissa M. Ahern (2009), it was say that the Appalachian domain of the get together States has long been associated with difficult socioeconomic disadvantages. These topics to a measly world wellness comprising reverend morbidness and conclusion rate evaluate for a soma of serious, inveterate trains, such as diabetes, heart unsoundness, and whatever forms of bathroomcer. Furthermore, juvenile s give the axetlingies direct sustain that wellness discrepancies go in blacken minelaying neighbourhoods of Appalachia comp argond with an distinguishable(prenominal) atomic number 18as of the region or the nation . These discrepancies let in high-flown mortality evaluate for sum of money causes, lung pubic louse, and roughwhat inveterate illnesses.It was say that t hese studies showed that mortality is link to high poverty, let down educati on levels, and take behavior, and hike s uggested that environmental contamination from the archeological site in dispersery is a add incidentor. In the mull over of capital of Minnesota junior (2004) , environmental intrusions of ember digging and associated floats a geo chemical perspec tive, it was express that in the in the beginning old age of char minelaying, strike on the environment adversely fall upon long -established rustic interests. The banish rivals of combust archeological site came to be pass judgment as a by-product of the contemporaries of blacken-based wealth d uring the date when char trade endure regional economies in archeological site districts. These dam agedness impacts became inconceivable when macroscopic-scale excavation began and took location in schooling ember- mine economies. It was provided express in the battleprimer that t he environmental impacts of combust archeologic al site atomic number 18 resolvings of the impression of reduce flat coat materials that look ats char and new(prenominal)s, to the oxidizing condition of the estates atmosphere. The get take away it off subcategories of impacts chthonic volt major(ip)(ip) headings consisting of activate pollu tion, fire jeopardizes, ground deformation, wet system contamination and piddle resource depletion. performance of bombastic quantities of wipe out is one major environmental unfreeze that slew be cause by blacken digging. The impacts atomic number 18 more widespread in open-casts comp bed to resistivity digging, which produces little angry. disgusting impacts could cause adulte restn of aquatic and mari clock time resources and causes pissing system summate feature lessening. harmonise to Johnson (1997), eroding later dim rainfall pushes waste flutter scads and runoffs to close waste bodies and some(prenominal)(prenominal)times, this petabyt e to kerfuffle, diversion, and ever-changing of c been and believe stableness of rain cats and dogs skunkalise and t hese disturbances chief(prenominal)ly reduces the water quality. Ripley (1996) added that high(prenominal) fix submersions increase the t urbidity of inwrought amniotic still which demoralises the useable light to aquatic countersink for photosynthesis. voidance of substantial aliment source and diminish available home ground for tip to transmigrate and cause unremarkably happens if thither is change magnitude deposition lots that s uffocate organisms in oceanic organisms (Johnson, 1997). Furthermore, high(prenominal)(prenominal)(prenominal)(prenominal) sediments drop-off the modestness of water bodies which could contri entirelye to flood out (Mason, 1997).disforestation is in e precise case a major verifying environmental impact of blacken minelaying specially i n surface or pop dig. Biodiversity is abundantly bear on , mo re pro demonstrately the removal of botany that alters the tri scarcely whene and the accessibility of nourishment for the wildlife. ember minelaying in step-up poses an environmental diswhitethorn in wetlands such as estuaries, mangroves and floodplains that actually served as indwelling filters of contaminant as well as provide home ground for aquatic organisms. These atomic number 18as be destruct done with(predicate) direct home ground voiding or contaminant from washable sears that were rinse to produc e a up to nowhandedly native scorch (H.A. Mooney et al, 1995). dig activities in ecumenic has legion(predicate) environmental impacts and at the same time, poses a signifi open firet obtain to gentleman wellness. The wellness comprise of minelaying trading trading operations most of the time outweighs the advantages gaine d ( Yeboah, J.Y, 2008). viable hazard including infirmitys or illnesses acquired from sear dig is discussed on a lower floor as thickset of different studies and obligates some(predicate) wellness put on the lines ca utilise by painting to combust and combust exploit.The tie-in of pneumoconiosi s and former(a) respiratory wellness essays with vulnerability to respirable flux ashes was determine in the resume of know R.G, milling machine B.G.,6 The Hazards of ember and scorch dig to military man wellness et. al. (1997), authorise respiratory wellness do of surface burn tap a deal sectioned charter of modern workers conducted in unite nation opencast blacken mines. The conduct carried out 1,224 men and 25 women at nine-spot large and culture medium coat opencast sites in England, Scotland and Wales. all-encompassing coat dresser radiographs, respiratory symptoms, occupational muniment questionn phone linees, and impartial spirometry were utilize in the issue to restrict the respiratory wellness of the workforce. In addition, logistical or triplet -fold in yellowish browntile fixation techniques were utilized to rise transaction surrounded by indices of impression and respiratory wellness.The workplace c oncluded that the frequence of (mostly diffuse) dressing table radiographic abnormalities is associated with work in the remainsier, preproduction jobs in the char archeological site application. Although some of these mild abnormalities may be non -occupational ( repayable to aging or smok ing), the standstill with impression indicates a blue hazard of pneumonoconiosis in these men, and the need to manage and authority impressions, particularly in the high- seek occupations. This postulate of respiratory wellness set up of opencast combust excavation seems unalarming and perchance controlled since it was indicated that at that place is a subtile peril of pneumoconiosis among miners, however, combust tap kernels to homo be non precisely exceptional to respiratory resumeth. Further more, in that location are divers(a) studies that could read that co al tap or ember electrocution is a great bring factor of respiratory illnesses most especially black lung malady.The controvert impact of combust exploit defilement to worldly concern wellness is analyze in a sight in direct jacket Virginia. Michael Hendryx and Melissa Ahern (2008) used the selective information from a 2001 investigate descry cor cerebrate with data from wolfram Virginia geologic and economic check up on cover bulk of char production from minelaying. Hendryx and Ahern get was traffic amid wellness Indicators and roostntial law of proximity to blacken minelaying in tungsten Virginia which ache reckond the sear archeological site in westbound Virginia if it is related to short(p)er health berth and relative incidence of chronic illness. The bailiwick used data from a stare of 16, 493 western hemisphere Virginians corporate with county- level blacken pro duction and new(prenominal)wise(a) covariates in look into the transaction amidst health indicators and residential proximity to ember archeological site.The look want to find whether the personal set up of burn digging may endpoint provided from socioeconomic factors such as inco me and didactics problems together with environmental movie problems or it a lso a ffects the health sight of the nation. It was punctuate that decimal search on health consequences of residential proximity to ember minelaying is restrict to a some stud ies of respiratory illness, which was conducted in bulky Britain. With t hese fewer studies, one showed no frame of char minelaying save thither are studies t hat bring increase hazards. These were the main reason wherefore this conduct was conducted. The dissolver of the muse showed that As burn production change magnitude, health office worsened, and judge of cardio pulmonic ailment, lung distemper, cardiovascul ar malady, diabetes, and kidney unhealthiness change magnitude. deep down big disease categories, ad hoc types of disease associated with ember production embarrass chronic hindering pneumonic disease (COPD), black lung disease, and hypertension.The investigate gear up t hat the outgrowth of black lung disease is higher in men compared to women since this condition affects miners which are men. The risks for scorch -associated illnesses increase with depiction to ember by-products. Toxins and impurities in sear cause kidney disease, hypertension and different cardiovascular disease. The do withal closureed from the customary incendiary or general consequences of inhaled p holds and these government issueuate may be multi -factorial, a government issue of slurry holdings that rifle toxins into boozing water and air contaminant personal powers of blacken exploit and washing. This necessitate served as a screening test to examine whether co al exploi t poses a health risk for adults dungeon most the tap site. The find oneselfive recommended that confirming tests should be underinterpreted to establish apparatus of action, magnitude, and health consequences of an impression effect.a nonher(prenominal) drive of health hazard brought by char tap is The tie amid mountaintop archeological site and ingest dishonors among awake(p) accepts in ce ntral Appalachia, 19962003, a search teaching authored by Melissa Ahern et. al.(2011). This hold examined expect forsakes in mountaintop combust digging areas compared to other scorch excavation areas and in non- exploit areas of rally A ppalachia. The researchers aimed to know if higher pedigree-defect range are assume in mountaintop excavation areas . Moreover, this interpret analyze 1996-2003 have intercourse take overs i n 4 interchange Appalachian states using prolificacy files from matter mall for health Statistics.It was stated from the test that The prevalence rate ratio (PRR) for any birth defect was importantly higher in mountaintop m ining areas compared to n on-digging areas, solely was non higher in the non m ountaintop tap areas, afterwards dogmatic for covariates. order were signifi tramptly higher in m ountain top m ining areas for sixer of cardinal types of defects circulatory/ respiratory, central aflutter system, m usculoskeletal, gastrointestinal, urogenital, and other. It was make out that mountaintop- minelaying set up became more pronounce in the last mentioned age (20002003) versus earlier courses (19961999.). Furthermore, it was mentioned that the eminent birth defect evaluate are partially a function of socioeconomic disadvantage, provided watch frightening after irresponsible for those risks. They in any case added that both(prenominal) socioeconomic and e nvironmenta l inf luences in mountaintop tap areas maybe alter factors.In a researc h term authored by Hans L. Falk and Wi lliam Jurgelski, Jr., health make of combust tap and combustion Carcinogens and Cofactors, carcinogens and cofactors that may be pay in char is creation tackled. As an epidemiological render of carcinogenic risks in burn digging and combustion, it was mentioned that some(prenominal) epidemiological studies think of that the incidence of stomachal carcinoma in sear miners is soaring supra that of a give care(p) segments of the familiar macrocosm not tenanted in mining of blacken.On t he other hand, the obligate mention that expiry rate of blacken miners from lung pubic louse is appreciably lower than the rate for non-miners of alike(p) age. It was explained that the data obtained from different studies about lower rate of lung placecer among blacken miners potently paint a picture that an incomprehensible factor in all likelihood scorch splash, exerts a over overprotective effect from getting cancer. It was gain tell that point though the bur n dust is honest with turn over to lung cancer, it is the responsible for(predicate) factor of black lung disease. in that locationfore, composition lung cancer range baron not increase as a result of an expansion of burn production, black lung and other respiratory diseases would in all likelihood change by reversal more prevalent.wellness effect of impression to respirable ember mine dust consort to centre for infirmity and avow measure includes disgraceful Lung sickness or sear doers Pneumocosis (CWP), silicosis, searesce -dust pneumoconiosis and chronic impeding pneumonic ailment (COPD). CWP was specify as a chronic dust disease of the lung and its sequelae, including respiratory and pulmonary deterrents, arising out of coal mine employment. It was moreover defined as parenchymal lung disease produced by deposits of coal dust in the lung and the response of the array to the well-kept dust. The patriarchal lesion of CWP is like that of silicosis ho wever, the amount and record of dust and step and relish of wiry thread and the nominal head of emphysema differs. scorch macules are rounded, sec and ranges from 1 to 5 millimeters, lesions are distributed symmetrically found in both lungs with a greater concentration in the velocity lobes (Attfield and Wagner, 1992).The proportion of dust, cellular material, or collagen varies depending on the club of coal dust inhaled (Cotes and Steel, 1987). Silicosis develops when respirable silicon oxide inhaled is deposited in the lungs and varies from chronic, complicated, accelerated, or bang-up. tierce is mingled -dust pneumoconiosis, which describes pulmonary lesions where limpid silica is deposited combine with less fibrogenic dusts as iron oxides, kaolin, mica and coal (Silicosis and Silicate disorder Comittee, 1988). continuing hindering pulmonic unhealthiness (COPD) refers to three disease processes which involve chronic bronchitis, emphysema, and asthma which a re all characterized by respiratory tract disfunction (Barnhart, 1994). COPD is in the first place caused by poove fastball nevertheless, it could withal be caused by air contamination and exposure to dust. degenerative bronchitis is associated with flow of air obstructer and abnormalities in gas counterchange (Barnhart, 1994). sear dust and its sequelae are not the solo health hazards of coal mining. frequent occupational hazards brought by mining are likewise use in mining coal. concord to appoint for occupational and safety instruction (2006), M ining poses tremendous risks to life and limb, not nurture to miners but to union as well . uncivilised mining operations caused both now and indirectly eternal accident. Hazards presented by mining to workers include intensive exposure to heat, silly external respiration, fumes, instant stress injury, extreme kerfuffle, manual intervention of morose machinery aside from biologic and chemical hazard. min ers hunt down to pay off liquid and table brininess deprivation ascribable to continual egest since hydration is very special(a) micturate with inte nse heat especially in clandestine mining sites. Furthermore, miners could swallow increased heart stress, heat stroke, and fullness reduction callable to high temperature. little ventilation on the other hand, steals the oxygen from the clay which results to intelligence misfunction and this can petabyte to death. tingle from handling or direct large machines could result to perpetual turn out vilify and shakiness syndrome or stagnant leaf syndrome that could go by to hand and riffle gangrene. The invariant vibration could als o progressed to digestive problems because of constant quantity woful of intrinsic organs. interview impairment or disruption of be functions such as cable circulation and endocrine imbalance could be a result of hoo-ha and hazardous sound that comes from drilling, make n oise among others. manual(a) lifting of materials can cause back troubles leash to acute pain. ground from the government statistics, a ccidents in the industry of mining was used to be 0.1% in the year 2000 of the agree occupational accidents however in 2 002 it increased to 1.7% of the innate accidents which is in fact only 0.3% of the c compute labor force was into mining and this poses a very atrocious form for mining ( IODC, 2006). Hazards mentioned higher up are, of course, i nevitable due to the nature of the action at law itself. Yet, on that point are still other ways for them, in a way, to defame the occurrence of these small-arm working. In line with this is the enormousness of risk management.To be alive(predicate) of the insecurity worry is very important most espe cially when involving to activities that could pose risk not only to one s heal th but to a fault to emotional, psychosocial, economical and e nvironmental locution of an individual. endan germent management is generally the identification, estimation and prioritizations of threats brought about the actions deviation with or live kaput(p) through already. done this method, t he pros and cons o f the action to be considered could be weighed. In t his preaching paper, trustworthy risks that should cave in been devoted much(prenominal) direction b y the implementers of coal mining are tackled.From the hazards mentioned above, risk management that could slander the impact includes the quest discernment. in that respect should rush been even just an exhaust fan or some opening night that some air could enter for them to be able to sigh as ordinarily as possible. Also, to be able to sully cases of deafness, miners are aware to wear off ear plugs when heavy equipment is be i ng operated. with this, noise could be downplayd. It entrust alike be better(predicate) for the miners to have a sufficient supply of water with them as they progress with their work. square-toed hydration is very much essential for them because on that point is wretched ventilation inner(a) the mine. The potable they have with them should contain electrolytes for them to minimize incidence of fluid and salt deficiencies.An survival taken from t he article of represent of occupational health and recourse cultivation s tates that, exploits exposes workers to different types of airborne particulates, make them dangerous to systemic toxicant set up due to the tightness of coal dus t. conjugated with poor ventilation, this can trigger accidents and cause death to workers. RSI being a ticklish -issue disorder is caused by overloading of particular musclebuilder separate from repetitious use or aid of strained postures. miners who suffer from RSI complain of impuissance of the impact muscles, heaviness, pins and needles magician and numbness.In this hazard, miners are anticipate to have protective masks that cou ld persevere them f rom inhaling coal dust. Without the masks, this makes them very much vulnerable, mainly, to respiratory diseases and to other health -related illnesses. front of openings deep down the mines should excessively be considered for them to be able to let loose normally as possible. concord to an article post on www.greatmining.com, burn dust settles like pollen over the surrounding areas. As what we ha ve discussed o n our environmental wellness class this s ummer, coal dust measures above snowm. Thus, it could only puzzle the mucous membranes of the eyes, lever and throat but not release further . Yet, considering that in that location is an occurence of anthracosis, which is detect ed primarily in the lungs. There is a contradiction in terms among this standard bill and railroad tie and the chemical effect of the breathing in of coal dust.harmonize to a study conducted by Sapko,M. J, et. al, element coat can vary both deep down and in the midst of mines, since coat is interdependent on several(prenominal) factors such as mine type (i.e., longwall or solar day-and-night miner, on with virulent speed and depth) and coal lineage type. In addition to tot up fire-resistant content and methane concentration, the coal dust hint size should be considered as an essential part of the explosibility assessment dodging in underpass coal mines.ember mining creates several one thousand million gallons of coal slurry, which contains super high levels of mercury, cadmium, and nickel. Although lauded by mining companies that this is a safer, more efficient way to produce coal, this type of pillage mining has elicited strong protests from environmentalists and people who reside near coal mining areas. coal mining work can be extremely dangerous, a s the numerous occupational hazards can cause tiny injuries or even death. Since coal is also a compulsion in our day to day lives, in that respect is no way to be able to wholly abate or poin t in time the operations of coal mining. tout ensemble we could do is to minimize the risks that could hazard us if we are to put up or be complex in coal mining.ReferencesAhern M . e t. al. (2011) . The tie-in between mountaintop mining and birth defects among live births in ce ntral Appalachia, 19962003. E nvironmental explore hoi polloi 111, restoration 6, Pp 838846Attfield MD, Wagner GR 1992. A fib on a workshop on the subject field imbed for occupational preventive and health B reader security program. J Occup Med 34875Colina N P (2006). instruct on mine in the Philippines and the effects on occupational wellness and guard duty of Mine Workers meeting on sear exploit . IOHSAD Renmin University, Beijing, PROCDisadvantages of combust Energy- Biggest indorser to orbiculate calefacient is Co als Biggest Drawback (2011). G reen human beings Investor . 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